Bartolomé de Las Casas was born in 1484 in Sevilla, Spain. Bartolomé de Las Casas was an outspoken critic of the Spanish colonial government in the Americas. The Indians had a name for Bartolomé de las Casas: "Father to the Indians." His stirring defense of the indigenous peoples before the Spanish Parliament in Barcelona in December 1519 persuaded King Charles I (the emperor Charles V), who was in attendance, to accept Las Casas’s project of founding “towns of free Indians”—i.e., communities of both Spaniards and Indians who would jointly create a new civilization in America. Upon his arrival in January 1545, he immediately issued Avisos y reglas para confesores de españoles (“Admonitions and Regulations for the Confessors of Spaniards”), the famous Confesionario, in which he forbade absolution to be given to those who held Indians in encomienda. Under the New Laws, encomenderos (land grantees) were required to release the serfs on their land after the span of a single generation. That year Las Casas's father, Pedro de Las Casas, … But soon his uncompromisingly pro-Indian position alienated his colleagues, and in 1547 he returned to Spain. Bartolomé de Las Casas, (born 1474 or 1484, Sevilla?, Spain—died July 1566, Madrid), early Spanish historian and Dominican missionary who was the first to expose the oppression of indigenous peoples by Europeans in the Americas and to call for the abolition of slavery there. His brave stand against the horrors of the conquest and the colonization of the New World earned him the title “Defender of the Indigenous peoples." Posted by 7 years ago. 4.3/5 (21 Views. Las Casas returned to Spain the next year. After various adventures in Central America, where his ideas on the treatment of the indigenous population invariably brought him into conflict with the Spanish authorities, Las Casas wrote De único modo (1537; The Only Way), in which he set forth the doctrine of peaceful evangelization of the Indian. (Griffin 1992: xxviii). Bartolomé de Las Casas (c. 1484–July 18, 1566) was a Spanish Dominican friar who became famous for his defense of the rights of the Indigenous peoples of the Americas. report. Although during his first 12 years in America Las Casas was a willing participant in the conquest of the Caribbean, he did not indefinitely remain indifferent to the fate of the indigenous peoples. He was a participant in the imperialist expressions of his time, but then had the reflective capacity and moral courage to become the … In 1502, Las Casas finally went to see the family holdings in Hispaniola. 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Four years later, while serving as prior of the convent of Puerto de Plata, a town in northern Santo Domingo, he began to write the Historia apologética. Christopher Minster, Ph.D., is a professor at the Universidad San Francisco de Quito in Ecuador. The former was written as an introduction to a proposed book called Historia de las Indias, and the latter was published as a stand-alone summary of that book. Las Casas' efforts led to legal reforms and early debates about the idea of human rights. The connection between the two families was strong: Bartolomé's father eventually interceded with the pope on the matter of securing certain rights on behalf of Columbus' son Diego, and Bartolomé de Las Casas himself edited Columbus' travel journals. In 1493 he saw Christopher Columbus pass through Seville on his return from the first voyage across the Atlantic. He did not stand alone in condemning Spanish cruelties against Indians. 27 Votes) He also believed that the conquest of the natives was an act of charity, for it brought them the benefits of civilization, religion, and trade with Spain. Together with the Dominicans, he then employed this new type of evangelization in a “land of war” (a territory of still-unconquered Indians)—Tuzulutlan (modern Alta Verapaz, Guatemala). He is remembered as “the Apostle of the Indians,” the man who first exposed the oppression of the indigenous peoples by Europeans in the colonies of the West Indies. In the following year a great many Spaniards went there with the intention of settling the land. His ideas were based mostly on the teachings of Aristotle, of whom he was an expert, as well as the Bible, and he even went so far as to argue that the aggression displayed in the Indies was a necessary step to Christianization. He died on July 18, 1566. . By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. The Brevísima relación de la destrucción de las Indias (A Short Account of the Destruction of the Indies) had an immediate impact in Spain. save. According to Sepulveda, Indians did not follow natural rule and were also fairly violent. Las Casas interrupted work on the book only to send to the Council of the Indies in Madrid three long letters (in 1531, 1534, and 1535), in which he accused persons and institutions of the sin of oppressing the Indian, particularly through the encomienda system. He became convinced that the enslavement and slaughter of the Indigenous population was not only a crime but also a mortal sin as defined by the Catholic Church. Credibility and Incredulity: A Critique of Bartolomé de Las Casas‘s A Short Account of the Destruction of the Indies Abstract A fierce advocate for the indigenous people of the New World, Bartolomé de Las Casas sought to promote awareness and enact legal change. The Historia, which by his request was not published until after his death, is an account of all that had happened in the Indies just as he had seen or heard of it. What did Juan Ginés Sepulveda argue? What did Bartolomé Las Casas argue? Las Casas convinced Spanish authorities to allow him to try to save the few remaining Caribbean Indigenous people by freeing them from enslavement and placing them in free towns, but the death of Spain's King Ferdinand in 1516 and the resulting chaos over his successor caused these reforms to be delayed. Natives were subjects of the Spanish crown, and to treat them as less than human violated the laws of God, nature, and Spain. In 1550, Las Casas debated in Valladolid his views on the American Indians with Juan Ginés de Sepúlveda in front of the Spanish court. He became a doctrinero, lay teacher of catechism, and began evangelizing the indigenous people, whom the Spaniards called Indians. Bartolomé de Las Casas, a Spanish Dominican priest, wrote directly to the King of Spain hoping for new laws to prevent the brutal exploitation of Native Americans. Bartolomé de Las Casas was born around 1484 in Seville, Spain. Natives were subjects of the Spanish crown, and to treat them as less than human violated the laws of God, nature, and Spain. He was, in fact, an encomendero at first, one of those who exploited the Indians, and it The point of the comparison is that Las Casas he thinks that the Native Americans aren't free and he compared them to beasts because they don't have enough freedom. Bartolomé’s father and uncle sailed with Columbus on his second voyage. Assess an Argument Bartolomé de Las Casas argued that Africans should replace Indian laborers in the Americas. While the Pope had granted Spain sovereignty over the New World, de Las Casas argued that the property rights and rights to their own labor still belonged to the native peoples. The family became quite wealthy and had holdings in Hispaniola, an island in the Caribbean. His father was a merchant and was acquainted with the Italian explorer Christopher Columbus. Were his reasons valid? He is a former head writer at VIVA Travel Guides. Las Casas quickly evangelized the serfs on his land, and, in either 1512 or 1513, he became a priest. "Biography of Bartolomé de Las Casas, Spanish Colonist." With the help of the archbishop, the Plan para la reformación de las Indias was conceived, and Las Casas, named priest-procurator of the Indies, was appointed to a commission to investigate the status of the Indians. story of pluralism or toleration: Las Casas did not argue for the respect of mul tiple ways of life and the need for coexistence or a modus vivendi\ neither did he propose that Spain should tolerate, accept, or view as equal the civiliza tions or groups that were found in the Americas.9 He was a militant Catholic 192-93) [12] Las Casas’s first work, De unico vocationis modo , has precisely as its main argument that conversions must be attained by peaceful persuasion and not by violent means. By 1514, he decided that he could no longer be personally involved in their exploitation and renounced his family holdings in Hispaniola. By then, the Indigenous peoples of the island had been mostly subdued, and the city of Santo Domingo was being used as a resupply point for Spanish incursions in the Caribbean.
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